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KNOWLEDGE, LIFESTYLE AND RISK IN THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG EMPLOYEES OF CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY:

Introduction

 

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by insulin resistance and impaired glucose regulation, strongly influenced by lifestyle factors. For employees at Cavite State University- Indang Campus, (CvSU) knowledge, lifestyle, and risk factors are critical in determining susceptibility to T2DM. Understanding diabetes awareness and knowledge levels is essential for mitigating risks, as informed individuals tend to adopt preventive behaviors, such as healthier eating and physical activity (Rawshani et al., 2023). However, knowledge alone is insufficient. Lifestyle behaviors like physical activity, diet, stress management, and sleep quality also play a pivotal role in either lowering or increasing the likelihood of T2DM (Dempsey et al., 2020).

Lifestyle choices especially diet and exercise are significant determinants of T2DM risk. Sedentary behavior, high consumption of processed foods, and lack of physical activity are common risk factors, particularly in university settings where employees face pressures from desk-based work and academic duties (Forouhi et al., 2018). Additionally, stress and the challenges of balancing work and personal life exacerbate these risks.

This study will focus on the knowledge, lifestyle, and risk factors related to the susceptibility to T2DM among employees at CvSU. T2DM is a significant public health concern, prompting healthcare providers to emphasize preventive management programs, particularly within institutions like universities. These environments often expose employees to various susceptibility factors based on their working conditions and daily habits. Addressing these factors through targeted interventions is crucial for reducing T2DM risk (Malik et al., 2020; Kivimäki et al., 2020). Moreover, promoting awareness and healthy lifestyle choices can significantly impact diabetes prevention efforts within university settings, ultimately improving overall employee well-being (Ezzati et al., 2021; Rawshani et al., 2023).

Knowledge refers to the employees' awareness and understanding of T2DM, including its causes, symptoms, prevention, and management. Insufficient knowledge about T2DM may lead to poor health choices and delayed diagnosis, increasing the risk of the disease. (Stellefson et al., 2020)

Lifestyle choices, particularly related to diet, physical activity, and habits like smoking or alcohol consumption, are key determinants in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A recent study highlights that a diet high in sugary and processed foods increases the risk of T2DM, while a balanced diet rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables lowers it (Forouhi et al., 2018). Sedentary behavior, especially common in desk-bound jobs, further exacerbates the risk. Evidence shows that prolonged sitting and low levels of physical activity significantly contribute to insulin resistance and T2DM risk (Dempsey et al., 2020).

In addition, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are also linked to a higher prevalence of T2DM. Smoking is associated with increased insulin resistance, while excessive alcohol intake can lead to obesity and liver issues, both of which contribute to diabetes risk (Sun et al., 2022). These findings are particularly relevant in settings like universities, where many employees may engage in sedentary work, thus highlighting the need for targeted wellness programs.

Risk factors for T2DM can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable categories. Modifiable risk factors can be altered through lifestyle changes, include obesity, physical inactivity, poor dietary habits, and high blood pressure. A systematic review highlights that obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are primary drivers of T2DM risk, with diet quality playing a significant role in reducing or increasing this risk (Ezzati et al., 2021; Rawshani et al., 2023). Additionally, recent studies have pointed out that reducing body weight and increasing physical activity can lead to substantial reductions in T2DM incidence (Kivimäki et al., 2020).

The main objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, lifestyle, and risk factors contributing to the susceptibility of T2DM among employees of CvSU. This assessment aims to provide evidence-based insights that will guide the enhancement of the university’s wellness program, with a focus on improving health literacy, promoting healthy lifestyle choices, and mitigating the risk of T2DM development within the employee population.

This study will be significant because it aims to address the rising prevalence of T2DM by assessing the knowledge, lifestyle, and risk factors among employees of CvSU. Identifying gaps in awareness and understanding specific lifestyle behaviors and genetic predispositions will be crucial for creating targeted wellness interventions. A well-informed approach can lower T2DM incidence, enhance employee health and productivity, and reduce diabetes-related healthcare costs (Rawshani et al., 2023; Dempsey et al., 2020). This study will also offer valuable insights for other institutions on implementing effective, evidence-based wellness strategies (Sun et al., 2022). Results and findings will also serve as the foundation for enhancing the university's wellness program, ensuring it is tailored to reduce T2DM risk by promoting healthier lifestyles, improving education, and implementing preventive strategies (Sun et al., 2022).

1 reply

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    • Senior Teaching & Learning Innovations Specialist
    • Karen_Smith
    • 3 wk ago
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    Hi 

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